Sustentabilidade social e evasão escolar: efeitos e expectativas de futuro para alunos matriculados e evadidos de cursos técnicos profissionalizantes

Resumo (EN)

Sustainability is supported by three pillars: environmental, economic and social, with the social pillar defending a dignified life for the subject and one of the ways to achieve this is through professional education, as people with higher education haveseveral improvements in their quality of life, enabling an economic and social evolution, but school dropout has been a problem faced by institutions that offer high school vocational courses. Evasion is characterized by the breaking of the legal bond with the educational institution, thus being an abandonment by the student with no intention of returning, leading him to disconnect from the institution in which he is enrolled. The causes can be diverse, derived from both internal and external factors. Through this work, the objective is to present partial results obtained through a professional master's intervention research that is in progress. This is a qualitative and exploratory study. The objectives of this work were: a) to know the annual dropout rateof students from technical courses in the area of management and business at the participating institution; b) to investigate which internal and external factors caused dropout, from the point of view of former students who dropped out; and c) to know thefuture expectations of students enrolled in the same courses. Eleven enrolled students and 32 former students who dropped out of courses in the areas of management and business participate in this stage of the study. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data using content analysis. As a result of this study, it is noted that the year in which the highest evasion occurred was 2020 (53% of the total number of evaders in the collected data), that the external factor that most generated evasion was job change and the most mentioned internal factor was personal reasons. The meetings with the group of enrolled students allowed us to identify that their perspective of the future is generally positive, because despite seeingit as uncertain, at the same time they believe in a better future, and refer to objectives such as having their own business or doing a higher level course. The COVID-19 Pandemic may have affected the rates and causes of evasion between 2020 and 2022, however, this aspect needs to be better investigated in further studies.