Impacto da Associação de Cafeína e Nicotina na Progressão da Periodontite Experimental

Resumo (EN)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the association of caffeine and nicotine on the progression of experimental periodontitis in rats. For this purpose, 40 male Wistar rats were used, divided into 4 groups: 1- Placebo group (PL) (N=10): distilled water; 2- Nicotine Group (NIC) (N=10): nicotine; 3- Caffeine group (CAF) (N=10): caffeine; 4- Caffeine + nicotine group (CAF+NIC) (N=10): caffeine and nicotine. Distilled water and caffeine (30 mg/kg) were administered via gavage daily, for 45 days prior to the induction of experimental periodontitis and for 15 days afterwards. Nicotine (1.67 mg/kg/d) was administered via intraperitoneal injection during the same period as the other treatments. Experimental periodontitis was induced by placing ligatures on one of the lower first molars of the animals. The euthanasia of the animals occurred 15 days after the induction of experimental periodontitis. The mandibles were removed for morphometric analysis of alveolar bone loss and the weight of the animals was recorded at baseline (on the day of the beginning of the treatments), 15 and 45 days after the beginning of the treatments. Morphometric analysis showed that the PL group had less bone loss when compared to the other groups, on the ligated side (p<0.05). Higher bone loss was observed in CAF+NIC group, when compared to the placebo group and the NIC group, on the non-ligated side (p < 0.05), while CAF/NIC isolated had higher bone loss compared to PL (0.05). CAF+NIC group did not gain weight over time when compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that both nicotine and caffeine in high doses and their association increase the progression of experimental periodontitis. The association of caffeine and nicotine has a destructive effect on bone tissue even in the absence of experimental periodontitis, as well as on weight gain in animals.