Resumo (EN)
This study was to report a case of an anxious child, seven years old, who had frequent episodes of vomiting with clinical diagnosis of dental erosion. Therefore the patient presented glazed dental surfaces, intact enamel along the gingival margin, cuppings and rounded cusps. Excessive consumption of acidic foods and frequent episodes of vomiting due to high levels of anxiety were recognized as etiologic factors of the erosion. Parents were instructed regard to diet and hygiene habits and patient was treated with topical fluoride and glass ionomer sealant. Moreover, the patient was referred for psychological treatment for anxiety management. The increased intake of acidic beverages has been considered as an important factor for the rising cases of dental erosion. However, the action of gastric acid during the episodes of vomiting or reflux also sets an important etiological factor of the disease. This fact points out the importance of a careful evaluation of the patients psychological condition. Early diagnosis of erosion is important in order to minimize structural damage and, therefore, practitioners need to assess clinical signs and also the psychological profile of their patients because anxious children are more likely to have stomach problems commonly associated with erosion.