Análise das intervenções fisioterapêuticas em pacientes com hipoxemia e sua associação com dados clínicos e laboratoriais

Objective – To analyze physiotherapeutic interventions and their association with hypoxemia reversal and improvement of clinical parameters in critically ill patients. Hypoxemia is a critical challenge in intensive care, associated with severe conditions such as sepsis and ARDS. Methods – This study retrospectively analyzed physiotherapeutic interventions in 30 hypoxemic patients in a teaching hospital ICU between 2022 and 2024, correlating them with clinical and laboratory data at the time of hypoxemia reversal. Results – The sample exhibited high clinical complexity: 90% had comorbidities, and 66.67% were on invasive mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy. Initially, all patients showed oxygenation deficits (30% severe; 66.67% moderate). Following physiotherapeutic intervention, there was a significant improvement in oxygenation indices, with 66.67% of individuals reaching values between 300 and 400, in addition to a positive evolution in gasometric patterns. Although specific techniques were not recorded, the literature suggests that bronchial hygiene, lung re-expansion, and positioning maneuvers contributed to these results. Despite the respiratory improvement, the mortality rate was 43.34%, reflecting clinical severity and factors such as anemia and sepsis. Limitations of the study include its retrospective design, small sample size, and lack of detailed technical data. Conclusion – In conclusion, physical therapy was essential in reversing hypoxemia and improving oxygenation, although prospective studies are necessary to compare the efficacy of different approaches and ventilatory modalities on clinical outcomes.