Apagamentos e (in) visibilidade dos povos originários : Marcas da intolerância e os estereótipos dos Mapuche e Guajajara nas narrativas jornalísticas

Resumo (EN)

The project in question deals with the interface between geography, sociology, history and communication and was based on the hypothesis that original groups are specifically targets of intolerance, stigmatization and erasure, from the colonial period to contemporary times, represented by episodes of cruelty, coping, isolation efforts, material and human losses. This perspective does not pay attention to the fact that Iberian colonization took place in South America, and to a large extent associated such cultural characteristics in other places other than Brazil, such as in the La Plata Region, in Argentina and in the Andean country Chile, the process of whitening of the population, a false impression was created that the indigenous and African presence was not present in these territories. Therefore, despite the imagery associated with the Iberian colonizer and different immigrant groups, self-declarations of people with black and Indian genes, combined with this fact, still indicate a strong presence of original peoples, notably the Mapuche in Chile and part of Argentina and Brazil. , we selected Guajajara. Given this scenario, this research falls within the scope of Communication and Media Culture studies, pertinent to the Line of Research Configuration of Media Culture Products and Processes, and is focused on the issue of erasure and disputes relating to the imaginary, expressed by the questions journalistic and other media outlets. The main hypothesis is that there is homology between the stigmatization processes present in Brazil and in countries on the other side that go beyond Brazil's borders. denoting more than a process related to the Portuguese and Spanish socio-political-cultural domain, an ethnocentrism specific to Iberian Catholicism emerges, which tends to demonize cultural and religious practices originating in the subaltern peoples of its former colonies, with such cultural characteristics linked to the foundation of the current processes of intolerance Given this situation, we analyzed manifestations present in the media environment (newspapers, magazines, blogs and others), seeking to identify the characters associated with intolerance present in speeches, titles, headlines, images. Such contents were organized from a qualitative perspective which, corroborating the main hypothesis, identifies a strong presence of imagery originating in Iberian colonialism, criminalizing and demonizing through arguments presented in contemporary media, leading to the conclusion that the perspective of Acceptance and tolerance are not present in the countries studied, contrary to what is declared in the social, political and cultural context. Regarding the relationship between speech and image, we also point out that verbal speech follows a trajectory, but the image reiterates the stereotype historically inherited from colonization to contemporary times.