As características da governança em redes de políticas públicas: exemplos dos municípios no interior de São Paulo

Resumo (EN)

The paper analyzes the characteristics of governance in different public policy networks. A network is configured from some categories, such as the type of problem faced, nature of defined objectives, structure of positions and asymmetries. Governance is one of the elements constituent of the networks and are defined in two main lines: (a) as control mechanisms; (B) as group of cohesion mechanisms. The guiding proposition is that for different networks correspond to different manifestations of governance, in their expressions of control and cohesion. The work is justified, because it is increasingly accepted that the implementation of public policies depends on a local arrangement among the actors, even if there is a formal governance prepared and demanded by the central government. As a theoretical basis, the affirmations of the social approach of networks, relational governance and policy networks are used. The bibliographic review showed that there is a diversity of concepts related to governance, as well as the characteristics in its manifestation. The research is descriptive, explanatory, qualitative and of multiple cases, using two instruments of collection - the script for interview with open questions and the questionnaire with affirmations on a Likert scale. As research object the public policy networks of the municipalities of the interior of São Paulo are analyzed. The question to be answered is: Witch relations can be established between specific governance characteristics in different public policy networks? The answer found is that there are signs of a correspondence between the nature of governance mechanisms and the specificity of networks, although in each network there were variations for and against the proposition. There were four comparisons between networks and in three of them the signs were of sustentation. The most important limit of the work was the bias of the subjects being in the majority of the government, which raises the suggestion of a research with wider scope. Another suggestion is research focused on relational governance, which emerged spontaneously in the subjects discourses. It occurs that in the analyzed networks frequently appear situations that need adjustments, but were not detailed in this research.