Contabilidade em emergia da implantação do ‘Programa Luz para Todos’ no Estado do Piauí

Resumo (EN)

After the demographic census carried out in 2000 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), it was found a shortfall in access to electricity in Brazil. To reduce social exclusion, the federal government in 2003 implemented the National Program for Universal Access and Use of Electricity (Light for All Program - PLpT). This program has a major socioeconomic impact, but how much would cost for the environment to install a rural electrification network? This paper aims to calculate the environmental cost of the implementation process of the Light for All Program in the state of Piauí, as well as to survey the assets of the assets implemented by the program. A case study will be carried out at the local concessionaire and a quantitative survey of materials and services applied in this process. The tool that will be used to calculate the environmental cost will be the accounting in emergy. Between 2004 and 2015, the number of consumers increased by 66% in the state of Piauí, during the same period, a total of 151,900 PLpT connections were made. The classes of consumers that were most influenced by the program were: the rural, with which it obtained a growth rate of 4% of the investment in emergy; the residential one that kept its investment in emergy practically constant during the studied period; commercial, which obtained the largest investment among the three classes. It was also observed that the concrete, with approximately 945.94% of the total emergy applied in the system, was the one that had the highest environmental cost among the materials that were used in PLpT implantation.