Avaliação da eficiência ambiental da felicidade em uma comunidade paulistana

Resumo (EN)

Urban sustainability is a challenge to ensure a high quality of life including a healthy environment without spending ecological capacities outside their own limits. The aim of this thesis is to apply the Environmental Efficiency Index of Happiness (EAFIB in Portuguese), developed in this study, in a community of São Paulo city to evaluate how much the community is efficient in producing happiness with the resources it has available. The EAF index was calculated as the ratio of the Gross National Happiness Index (GNH) and the Ecological Footprint (EF) considering the individual consumption classes. For the calculation of the indicator, a method was proposed to calibrate the questions pertaining to the GNH in the working instrument in order to show the same evaluation as the questionnaire developed by the Bhutan Study Center and to fit the public to research. An individual analysis of GNH and EF indices was done including their relationship to population demographics characteristic, FIB domains, and EF consumption areas both in sectors and in the community as whole. Public policies at the governmental, community and family levels were suggested based on the social, political, economic factors and demographic variavels that affected EAF. The results of the case study showed that the community is happy and unsustainable with an efficiency of 0,53 to provide happiness to the residents with the resources available. The main factors that influenced EAF were social and community capital, income inequality and gender, environmental pollution, political participation of citizens as well as consumption habits of the population and levels of services, administration and community governance.